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Pronouns

• Personal Pronouns
• Subject Forms
• Use
• Object Forms
• Use
• Possessives
• Form
• Use
• Reflexive Pronouns
• Form
• Use
• Indefinite Pronouns
• Form
• Use
• Demonstrative Pronouns
  • Form
  • Use
  • Common Expressions

Los pronombres son las palabras que van en lugar del nombre en una oración, una vez que el nombre ha sido mencionado, para evitar repetición

Personal Pronouns

Subject Forms

I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they

Use

Siempre sustituyen al sujeto de la oración y van colocados delante del verbo.
My father is a violinist. He plays in the National Orchestra.
Athletes are really fit. They train very hard.

El pronombre sujeto no siempre es necesario en español, porque las terminaciones verbales indican la persona y el número (por ejemplo: “tenemos” indica primera persona del plural), sin embargo, en inglés son imprescindibles.

Object Forms

me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them

Use

Ocupan el lugar del complemento de la oración. Van inmediatamente después del verbo:
I don’t really like artichokes. I’d prefer not to eat them.
I’m reading such an exciting book, that I don’t want it to finish.

Possessives

Form

Use

• Los pronombres posesivos indican quién posee algo.
• Se usan en lugar del adjetivo posesivo y el sustantivo:
  This sweater must be yours, it's too small for me! (your sweater)
  Is that bus theirs or ours? (their bus or our bus)
• Las preguntas que empiezan por Whose se pueden contestar con un pronombre posesivo:
  Whose skateboard is this? It’s mine.
• Añadimos 's al sustantivo para indicar que posee o tiene algo:
  Rose is Barbara's sister.
• 's se puede usar con personas y animales:
  Ann's boyfriend is Swiss.
  The dog's basket is in the sitting room.
• 's se puede utilizar para referirnos a las tiendas y a las casas de las personas:
  The butcher's is round the corner. (The butcher shop)
  Mary is not in at the moment. She is studying at Margaret's. (Margaret's house)
• Podemos contestar a las preguntas que empiezan por Whose con una forma posesiva 's:
  Whose notebooks are these? They are Joe's.
• 's se añade a sustantivos con plurales irregulares que no acaban en s:
  The men's briefcases usually contain their packed lunch.
  The sheep's tails are short.
• Los sustantivos cuyo plural termina en s añaden solamente el apóstrofe ('):
  The ladies' coats are in the cloakroom.
  The parrots' feathers are beautiful.
• Cuando algo pertenece a dos personas, 's se añade al segundo sustantivo:
  Tom and Jim's room (they share one of the bedrooms in the house).
  Carlton and Robertson's office
• Cuando distintas cosas pertenecen a distintas personas cada persona lleva 's:
  Helen's and Rose's computers (they have different computers).

Nota: No se debe confundir la forma posesiva 's con it's, es decir, it is o it has.

Reflexive Pronouns

Form

Singular: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself
Plural: ourselves, yourselves, themselves

Use

Indefinite Pronouns

Form

someone, somebody, something
anyone, anybody, anything
everyone, everybody, everything
nobody, no one

Use

• Estos pronombres son gramaticalmente singulares, es decir, deben ir junto a un verbo en singular:
  The meeting can start. Everybody has arrived.
  There is someone at the door. Can you open it?

Demonstrative Pronouns

Form

this, these, that, those

Use

Common Expressions

Adjectives :: Adverbs :: After, Before, When, While :: And, But :: Articles :: Because of / Because :: Comparisons :: Demonstratives :: Future :: Irregular verbs :: Modals :: Nouns :: Past Continuous :: Past Simple :: Possessives :: Prepositions :: Present Continuous :: Present Simple :: Pronouns :: Quantifiers :: Relative clauses :: Wh-Determiners